Studying data structures and algorithms often represents a person’s first study of the “science” of computing, beyond just programming. Students use various data structures to solve computational problems and implement data structures using the Java programming language. Algorithms are created, decomposed, and expressed as pseudocode. The running time of various algorithms and their computational complexity are analyzed. Mastery of these concepts is part of the foundation of the discipline of computing, leading to computing professionals as distinct from programmers.